Tài liệu MCSE: Windows ® 2000 Network Infrastructure Design ppt

To my ever loving, always patient wife, Kim.
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Acknowledgments

T

hanks to the excellent Sybex crew involved on this book: Dann
McDorman, Pete Gaughan, Kylie Johnston, Molly Glover, Nila Nichols,
Tony Jonick, and a special thanks to Neil Edde for giving me the chance to
“vent the spleen” one more time. Also thanks to the Sybex art and layout
crews, who remain nameless behind the scenes but whose work is so very
important. Readers should know that the editorial staff at Sybex consists of
very patient, extremely diligent, and hard-working souls who strive to make
the books that get published the best quality computer books on the shelves.
Thanks to my technical editors: Carl Dubler, whose sense of humor is
truly original, and Dave Plummer, whose job was doubly hard because he
had to read the final galleys and make changes when the book was just about
ready to ship.
I’d also like to thank God for giving me the ability to write and for creat-
ing the circumstances where I could find a publisher who would let me do so.
Copyright ©2000 SYBEX , Inc., Alameda, CA
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Introduction

M

icrosoft’s new Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) track
for Windows 2000 is the premier certification for computer industry profes-
sionals. Covering the core technologies around which Microsoft’s future will
be built, the new MCSE certification is a powerful credential for career
advancement.
This book has been developed, in cooperation with Microsoft Corpora-
tion, to give you the critical skills and knowledge you need to prepare for one
of the core requirements of the new MCSE certification program for Win-
dows 2000. You will find the information you need to acquire a solid under-
standing of Windows 2000 network infrastructure design, to prepare for the
Exam 70-221: Designing a Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Network Infra-
structure, and to progress toward MCSE certification.

Why Become Certified in Windows 2000?

As the computer network industry grows in both size and complexity, the
need for

proven

ability is increasing. Companies rely on certifications to ver-
ify the skills of prospective employees and contractors.
Whether you are just getting started or are ready to move ahead in the
computer industry, the knowledge, skills, and credentials you have are your
most valuable assets. Microsoft has developed its Microsoft Certified Pro-
fessional (MCP) program to give you credentials that verify your ability to
work with Microsoft products effectively and professionally. The MCP cre-
dential for professionals who work with Microsoft Windows 2000 networks
is the new MCSE certification.
Over the next few years, companies around the world will deploy millions
of copies of Windows 2000 as the central operating system for their mission-
critical networks. This will generate an enormous need for qualified consult-
ants and personnel to design, deploy, and support Windows 2000 networks.
Windows 2000 is a huge product that requires professional skills of its
administrators. Consider that Windows NT 4 has about 12 million lines of
code, while Windows 2000 has more than 35 million! Much of this code is
needed to deal with the wide range of functionality that Windows 2000
offers.
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xxx

Introduction

Windows 2000 actually consists of several different versions:

Windows 2000 Professional

The client edition of Windows 2000,
which is comparable to Windows NT Workstation 4, but also includes
the best features of Windows 98 and many new features.

Windows 2000 Server/Windows 2000 Advanced Server

A server edi-
tion of Windows 2000 for small to mid-sized deployments. Advanced
Server supports more memory and processors than Server does.

Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

A server edition of Windows 2000
for large, wide-scale deployments and computer clusters. Datacenter
Server supports the most memory and processors of the three versions.
With such an expansive operating system, companies need to be certain
that you are the right person for the job being offered. The MCSE is designed
to help prove that you are.

As part of its promotion of Windows 2000, Microsoft has announced that
MCSEs who have passed the Windows NT 4 core exams must upgrade their
certifications to the new Windows 2000 track by December 31, 2001, to remain
certified. The Sybex MCSE Study Guide series covers the full range of exams
required for either obtaining or upgrading your certification. For more infor-

mation, see the “Exam Requirements” section later in this Introduction.

Is This Book for You?

If you want to acquire a solid foundation in Windows 2000 network infra-
structure design, this book is for you. You’ll find clear explanations of the
fundamental concepts you need to grasp.
If you want to become certified as an MCSE, this book is definitely for
you. However, if you just want to attempt to pass the exam without really
understanding Windows 2000, this book is

not

for you. This book is written
for those who want to acquire hands-on skills and in-depth knowledge of
Windows 2000.
If your goal is to prepare for the exam by learning how to use and manage
the new operating system, this book is for you. It will help you to achieve the
high level of professional competency you need to succeed in this field.
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Introduction

xxxi

What Does This Book Cover?

This book contains detailed explanations, hands-on exercises, and review
questions to test your knowledge.
Think of this book as your complete guide to Windows 2000 network
infrastructure design. It begins by covering the most basic concepts, some of
which are more business-oriented in nature—things like how to determine
whether your shop is centralized or decentralized, what its IT makeup is, and
so forth. But we also cover technical material such as routing, DHCP, DNS,
WINS, RRAS, and many more rich features of Windows 2000. We’ll talk a
lot about infrastructure design components, such as:


Installing VPN servers


Configuring RADIUS as a backbone to your VPN deployment


How to install devices on the screened subnet (the DMZ)


How to implement Windows 2000 routing


Working with a DNS design and deployment in a legacy environment


How to make Dfs work for your installation


Advanced security features of RRAS, VPN, NAT, and demand-dial
routing
Hopefully, you’ll find this book to be a fun read that transcends the both
business and the technical worlds.
Throughout the book, you will be guided through design scenarios, which
give you practical experience for each exam objective. At the end of each
chapter, you’ll find a summary of the topics covered in the chapter, which
also includes a list of the key terms used in that chapter. The key terms rep-
resent not only the terminology that you should recognize, but also the
underlying concepts that you should understand to pass the exam. All of the
key terms are defined in the glossary at the back of the study guide.
Finally, each chapter concludes with 10 review questions and a real-life
case study that tests your knowledge of the information covered. You’ll find
an entire practice exam, with 30 additional questions and 4 case studies, in
Appendix A. Many more questions, as well as multimedia demonstrations of
the hands-on exercises, are included on the CD that accompanies this book,
as explained in the “What’s on the CD?” section at the end of this Introduction.
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xxxii

Introduction

The topics covered in this book map directly to Microsoft’s official exam
objectives. Each exam objective is covered completely. Because Microsoft
developed similar exam objectives for the three design exams, there is a
degree of overlap between the Sybex books covering these exams. However,
it is important to work through each book in its entirety, viewing any repeated
material as a reminder and a chance to reinforce your understanding of Win-

dows 2000.

How Do You Become an MCSE?

Attaining MCSE certification has always been a challenge. However, in the
past, individuals could acquire detailed exam information—even most of the
exam questions—from online “brain dumps” and third-party “cram”
books or software products. For the new MCSE exams, this simply will not
be the case.
To avoid the “paper-MCSE syndrome” (a devaluation of the MCSE cer-
tification because unqualified individuals manage to pass the exams),
Microsoft has taken strong steps to protect the security and integrity of the
new MCSE track. Prospective MSCEs will need to complete a course of
study that provides not only detailed knowledge of a wide range of topics,
but true skills derived from working with Windows 2000 and related soft-
ware products.
In the new MCSE program, Microsoft is heavily emphasizing hands-on
skills. Microsoft has stated, “Nearly half of the core required exams’ content
demands that the candidate have troubleshooting skills acquired through
hands-on experience and working knowledge.”
Fortunately, if you are willing to dedicate time and effort with Win-
dows 2000, you can prepare for the exams by using the proper tools. If you
work through this book and the other books in this series, you should suc-
cessfully meet the exam requirements.
This book is a part of a complete series of Sybex MCSE Study Guides that
covers the five core Windows 2000 requirements as well as the new Design
electives you need to complete your MCSE track. Titles include:


MCSE: Windows 2000 Professional Study Guide


MCSE: Windows 2000 Server Study Guide
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Introduction

xxxiii


MCSE: Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure Administration Study
Guide


MCSE: Windows 2000 Directory Services Administration Study
Guide


MCSE: Windows 2000 Network Security Design Study Guide


MCSE: Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure Design Study Guide


MCSE: Windows 2000 Directory Services Design Study Guide

There are also study guides available from Sybex on additional MCSE
electives.

Exam Requirements

Successful candidates must pass a minimum set of exams that measure tech-
nical proficiency and expertise:


Candidates for MCSE certification must pass seven exams, including
four core operating system exams, one design exam, and two electives.


Candidates who have already passed three Windows NT 4 exams (70-
067, 70-068, and 70-073) may opt to take an “accelerated” exam plus
one core design exam and two electives.

If you do not pass the accelerated exam after one attempt, you must pass the

five core requirements and two electives.

The following table shows the exams a new certification candidate must
pass

. All

of these exams are required:

Exam
#
Title Requirement Met

70-216 Implementing and Administering a
Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Network Infrastructure
Core (Operating
System)
70-210 Installing, Configuring, and
Administering Microsoft®
Windows® 2000 Professional
Core (Operating
System)
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xxxiv

Introduction

One

of these exams is required:

Two

of these exams are required:

Exam
#
Title Requirement Met

70-215 Installing, Configuring, and
Administering Microsoft®
Windows® 2000 Server
Core (Operating
System)
70-217 Implementing and Administering a
Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Directory Services Infrastructure
Core (Operating
System)

Exam
#
Title Requirement
Met

70-219 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Directory Services Infrastructure
Core (Design)
70-220 Designing Security for a Microsoft®
Windows® 2000 Network
Core (Design)
70-221 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Network Infrastructure
Core (Design)

Exam # Title Requirement
Met

70-219 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Directory Services Infrastructure
Elective
70-220 Designing Security for a Microsoft®
Windows® 2000 Network
Elective
70-221 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® 2000
Network Infrastructure
Elective
Any
current
MCSE
elective
Exams cover topics such as Exchange
Server, SQL Server, Systems Management
Server, Internet Explorer Administrators
Kit, and Proxy Server (new exams are
added regularly)
Elective
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Introduction

xxxv

For a more detailed description of the Microsoft certification programs,
including a list of current MCSE electives, check Microsoft’s Training and Cer-

tification Web site at

www.microsoft.com/trainingandservices

.

The Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure Design Exam

The Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure Design exam covers concepts
and skills required for the support of Windows 2000 computers. It empha-
sizes the following areas of Windows 2000 support:


Standards and terminology


Planning


Implementation


Troubleshooting
This exam focuses on the business aspects and technical requirements for
creating a functional Windows 2000 network infrastructure. It can be par-
ticular about how administrative tasks are performed in the operating sys-
tem. It also focuses on fundamental concepts relating to Windows 2000’s
operation. Careful study of this book, along with hands-on experience, will
help you prepare for this exam.

Microsoft provides exam objectives to give you a very general overview of
possible areas of coverage of the Microsoft exams. For your convenience, we
have added in-text objectives listings at the points in the text where specific
Microsoft exam objectives are covered. However, exam objectives are subject
to change at any time without prior notice and at Microsoft’s sole discretion.
Please visit Microsoft’s Training and Certification Web site (

www.microsoft.com/

trainingandservices

) for the most current exam objectives listing.

Types of Exam Questions

In the previous tracks, the formats of the MCSE exams were fairly straight-
forward, consisting almost entirely of multiple-choice questions appearing in
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xxxvi

Introduction

a few different sets. Prior to taking an exam, you knew how many questions
you would see and what type of questions would appear. If you had pur-
chased the right third-party exam preparation products, you could even be
quite familiar with the pool of questions you might be asked. As mentioned
earlier, all of this is changing.
In an effort to both refine the testing process and protect the quality of its
certifications, Microsoft has introduced adaptive testing, as well as some
new exam elements. You will not know in advance which type of format you
will see on your exam. These innovations make the exams more challenging,
and they make it much more difficult for someone to pass an exam after simply
“cramming” for it.

Microsoft will be accomplishing its goal of protecting the exams by regularly
adding and removing exam questions, limiting the number of questions that
any individual sees in a beta exam, limiting the number of questions delivered

to an individual by using adaptive testing, and adding new exam elements.

Exam questions may be in multiple-choice or case study–based formats.
You may also find yourself taking an adaptive format exam. Let’s take a
look at the exam question types and adaptive testing, so you can be prepared
for all of the possibilities.

Multiple-Choice Questions

Multiple-choice questions include two main types of questions. One is a
straightforward type that presents a question, followed by several possible
answers, of which one or more is correct.
The other type of multiple-choice question is more complex. This type
presents a set of desired results along with a proposed solution. You must
then decide which results would be achieved by the proposed solution.

You will see many multiple-choice questions in this study guide and on the

accompanying CD, as well as on your exam.

Case Study–Based Questions

Case study–based questions first appeared in the Microsoft Certified Solu-
tion Developer program (Microsoft’s certification program for software pro-
grammers). Case study–based questions present a scenario with a range of
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